Ho na le meriana e mengata e ka fanoang e le phekolo ea molomo (ka molomo) bakeng sa lymphoma le chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Kakaretso ea liphekolo tsa molomo ho lymphoma (& CLL)
Kalafo ea lymphoma le chronic lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) e ka ba motsoako oa meriana e thibelang mofetše. Hangata li fanoa ka har'a mothapo (intravenously) 'me hangata li kenyelletsa motsoako oa meriana e kenyelletsang antibody therapy le chemotherapy (immunochemotherapy).
Hangata sena se kenyelletsa tsamaiso ea phekolo sepetlele kapa setsing se khethehileng sa kankere. Leha ho le joalo, ho bile le liphetoho tse ngata tsa kankere bakeng sa phekolo ea lymphoma le CLL e ka nkoang ka molomo ka mokhoa oa letlapa. Tsena li tsejoa e le liphekolo tsa molomo.
Liphekolo tsa molomo ke eng?
Meriana ea Oral lymphoma e ka ba meriana ea chemotherapy, phekolo e lebisitsoeng, le immunotherapies. Li ka nkoa ka molomo e le letlapa, capsule, kapa e le mokelikeli. Sethethefatsi sena se kenngoa maling ebe se tsamaisoa joalo ka litlhare tse kenang methapong.
Liphekolo tsa molomo li ka sebetsa hantle joalo ka likhetho tsa methapo hape li na le litlamorao tse fapaneng. Ho na le lintlha tse ngata tse amanang le mofuta o ka tlase oa lymphoma le boemo ba mokuli ba bongaka tse lokelang ho leka-lekana ho khetha phekolo e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea lymphoma. Ka hona, khetho e molemo ka ho fetisisa ho etsoa lipuisanong le setsebi.
Liphekolo tsa molomo li sebelisoa neng?
Meriana e mengata ea molomo e sebelisetsoang ho phekola lymphoma le CLL ke li-immunotherapy kapa litlhare tse lebisitsoeng. Litlhare tse reriloeng li lebisitsoe khahlano le li-enzyme tse hlokahalang hore lymphoma e hole athe meriana e tloaelehileng ea chemotherapy e tobisitsoe khahlano le lisele tse arohaneng ka potlako ebang ke lymphoma kapa lisele tse ling tse tloaelehileng ka har'a 'mele oa motho.
Kaha meriana ea chemotherapy ha e khetholle pakeng tsa lisele tsa lymphoma le lisele tse tloaelehileng tse phetseng hantle, ka boomo li senya lisele tse phetseng hantle tse lebisang litla-morao tse kang ho theoha ha mali, ho lahleheloa ke moriri, maqeba a molomo, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa le lets'ollo, athe litlhare tse lebisitsoeng hangata li ama lisele tse fokolang tsa bophelo bo botle. ka mefuta e fokolang ea mefuta ena ea litla-morao tse tebileng.
Ho qala phekolo ea phekolo ea molomo
Pele bakuli ba qala kalafo lapeng:
- Ngaka e tla laela phekolo
- Rakhemisi o tla fana ka meriana bakeng sa mokuli
- Ho tla hlophisoa kopano ea ho buisana ka phekolo le litla-morao tse ka hlahang
Mooki kapa rakhemisi o tla hlalosa ka botlalo mokhoa oa ho noa meriana mme sena se tla kenyelletsa tekanyo le hore na e lokela ho nooa hangata hakae. Ho tla fanoa ka litaelo tse mabapi le ho tšoaroa le ho bolokoa ha meriana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng. Ho tla buisanoa ka litla-morao tsohle tsa phekolo, ’me boitsebiso bo ngotsoeng bo tla fuoa mokuli.
Lintho tseo u lokelang ho li tseba mabapi le ho nka liphekolo tsa molomo
Phekolo ea mofets'e oa molomo e ka ba khetho e bonolo ho bakuli kaha e ka nooa hae, empa ho na le lintlha tse 'maloa tse lokelang ho nahanoa:
- Bakuli ba na le boikarabello ba ho etsa bonnete ba hore ba noa meriana ea bona, kahoo ho ka ba le kotsi e eketsehileng ea liphoso tsa meriana tse kang ho lebala ho noa meriana.
ka matsatsi a itseng kapa ho noa tekanyetso e fosahetseng e ka senyang katleho ea moriana. - Ho bohlokoa hore bakuli ba noe meriana eohle kamoo ho laetsoeng ho eketsa katleho ea kalafo le ho fokotsa litlamorao life kapa life. Kaha ho boloka tlaleho ea meriana eohle ho ka ba thata, bua le sehlopha sa litsebi mabapi le mokhoa oa ho boloka mokhoa oa hau. Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng li ka thusa ho kenyelletsa ho rekota meriana bukeng ea ho ngola kapa ho etsa likhopotso tsa inthaneteng ho li-apps kapa ho smartphone
- Bakuli ba ka 'na ba ikutloa ba sa kopane le sehlopha sa bona sa litsebi ho feta kamoo ba neng ba tla ikutloa kateng haeba ba ne ba fuoa meriana e tšeloa methapong hobane ba etela sepetlele kapa setsi sa kankere ea litsebi khafetsa. Leha ho le joalo, ho noa meriana e nooang lapeng ho ka ba molemo ho bakuli ba tlamehang ho tsamaea sebaka se selelele ho ea sepetlele ho latela nako le chelete eo ba e sebelisang leetong.
- Litla-morao li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa hlokomeloa kapa tsa se tlaleheloe sehlopha sa litsebi 'me litokelo tsa molao li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa tsitsa ka mokhoa oa ho laola litla-morao lapeng. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho ruta bakuli le bahlokomeli ba bona ka likarolo tsena tsa bohlokoa. Litla-morao tse ngata tsa meriana ea molomo li ka fokotsoa ka tlhokomelo ea tšehetso kahoo bakuli ba lokela ho latela ka hloko litla-morao tsohle tsa phekolo ea bona le ho li tlaleha ho sehlopha sa litsebi ha li etsahala, e le hore ba fumane tlhokomelo e molemo ka ho fetisisa.
Litlhokomelo ha u nka phekolo ea molomo lapeng
Ho qala kalafo lapeng:
- Liphekolo tsa molomo ha lia lokela ho tšoaroa ka matsoho le ka mohla. E ka baka ho teneha
- Hlatsoa matsoho hantle ka sesepa le metsi ka mor'a ho tšoara meriana
- Apara liatlana ha u fetola liaparo kapa lilakane tse silafalitsoeng ke mahlatsa kapa letšollo
- Boloka matlapa joalokaha a laetsoe ke rakhemisi
- Boloka matlapa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng hole le bana le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng
- Nka phekolo ea molomo hantle feela joalokaha u laetsoe
- Tšoara lethathamo la meriana eohle ea hona joale
- Rera maeto, ho tlatsoa hape, le mafelo-beke
- Haeba u ikutloa u sa phele ka nako leha e le efe ikopanye le sehlopha sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo
- Tsebisa bafani leha e le bafe ba bang ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ka litlhare tsa molomo tse thibelang mofetše
- Khutlisetsa lithethefatsi tsohle tse sa sebelisoang pharmacy bakeng sa ho lahloa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng
Mefuta ea phekolo ea molomo
TGA e amohetsoe (TGA ke Therapeutic Goods Authority in Australia) liphekolo tsa mofetše oa molomo ke meriana e thibelang kholo le ho khothaletsa lefu la lisele tsa lymphoma. Liphekolo tse ling tsa 'mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung li etsa hore sesole sa' mele sa mokuli se tsebe lisele tsa lymphoma 'me se khothalletsa ho timetsoa ha lisele tsena. Ho na le lihlopha tse 'maloa tsa meriana ena tse thathamisitsoeng ka tlase:
Chemotherapy ea molomo e sebelisoang lymphoma
moemeli |
Class |
Kamoo e ea sebetsang |
Mefuta e menyenyane |
Litla-morao tse tloaelehileng haholo |
| Cyclophosphamide | Chemotherapy: Moemeli oa alkylating | Ka khemikhale e fetola DNA ho baka lefu la lisele tse ntseng li hola | CLL HL NHL | Lipalo tse tlase tsa mali Tšoaetso Ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho hlatsa Ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo |
| Etoposide | Chemotherapy: Topoisomerase II inhibitor | E kena-kenana le li-enzyme tsa topoisomerase tse laolang ho qhekella ha sebopeho sa DNA se hlokahalang bakeng sa ho ikatisa. | CTCL NHL | Ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho hlatsa Ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo Letšollo Mokhathala |
| Chlorambucil | Chemotherapy: Moemeli oa alkylating | Ka khemikhale e fetola DNA ho baka lefu la lisele tse ntseng li hola | CLL FL HL NHL | Lipalo tse tlase tsa mali Tšoaetso Ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho hlatsa Letšollo |
Liphekolo tse ling tsa molomo tse sebelisoang lymphoma
moemeli |
Class |
Kamoo e ea sebetsang |
Mefuta e menyenyane |
Litla-morao tse tloaelehileng haholo |
| Ibrutinib | BTK Inhibitor | E thibela enzyme e amehang pontšong ea B cell receptor e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phela le ho hola ha lisele tsa lymphoma | CLL Li-MCL | Mathata a morethetho oa pelo Mathata a ho pholla Khatello e phahameng ea mali · Tšoaetso |
| Acalabrutinib | BTK inhibitor | E thibela enzyme e amehang pontšong ea B cell receptor e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phela le ho hola ha lisele tsa lymphoma | CLL Li-MCL | Hlooho ea hlooho Letšollo Phaello ea mafura |
| Zanubrutinib | BTK inhibitor | E thibela enzyme e amehang pontšong ea B cell receptor e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phela le ho hola ha lisele tsa lymphoma | CLL Li-MCL WM | Lipalo tse tlase tsa mali Rash Letšollo |
| Idelalisib | P13K Inhibitor | E thibela enzyme e amehang pontšong ea B cell receptor e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phela le ho hola ha lisele tsa lymphoma | CLL FL | Letšollo Mathata a sebete Mathata a matšoafo Tšoaetso |
| Boitumelo | BCL2 Inhibitor | Sepheo sa liprotheine tse tsejoang ho thibela lisele tsa lymphoma ho shoa | CLL | Nausea Letšollo Mathata a ho tsoa mali Tšoaetso |
| Lenalidomide | Moemeli oa immunomodulatory | Mokhoa o nepahetseng ha o tsejoe. Ho nahanoa ho fetola sesole sa 'mele. | E sebelisoa ho tse ling tsa NHL | Lekhopho la letlalo Nausea Lets'ollo |
| Vorinostat | HDAC Inhibitor | E thibela li-enzyme tsa HDAC tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho hlahisa liphatsa tsa lefutso ho DNA ho thibela kholo ea lisele tsa lymphoma le karohano. | CTCL | Ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo Molomo o omileng Tšoaetso ea ho lahleheloa ke moriri |
| Panobinostat | HDAC Inhibitor | E thibela li-enzyme tsa HDAC tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho hlahisa liphatsa tsa lefutso ho DNA ho thibela kholo ea lisele tsa lymphoma le karohano. | HL CTCL | Maemo a phahameng a magnesium Boemo bo phahameng ba bilirubin Ho nyekeloa ke pelo ditshwaetso |
| Bexarotene | Li-retinoids | Ka mokhoa o ikhethileng o tlama le ho kenya tšebetsong li-receptor tsa retinoid tse hlahisang polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse laolang kholo ea lisele le ho ikatisa | CTCL | Rash ea letlalo Nausea Maemo a tlase a lihormone tsa qoqotho ditshwaetso |
